Lung Cancers

related: Pulmonology, lung nodules

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) can be caused by a multitude of conditions, including tumors, drugs, and disorders of the chest and central nervous system. SIADH is associated with normovolemic hyponatremia and, in this case, is caused by small cell carcinoma (Choice D). In SIADH, the urine is concentrated but the patient is not volume depleted. Initially, the symptoms are mild and nonspecific, but as the serum sodium declines (especially <120 mEq/L), neurologic symptoms, seizures, and coma may ensue.

Squamous cell carcinoma (Choice E) accounts for 25-30% of all lung cancers and typically manifests on CXR as a cavitary lesion in a bronchus. Symptoms may include cough, dyspnea, wheezing, and hemoptysis. This type of lung cancer is sometimes associated with hypercalcemia due to parathyroid like hormone production.

Pulmonology
Pulmonology
- Keywords:: Step 3, Medicine
MKSAP
- Occupational Lung Disease
- Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease
Normal
Obstructive Lung Disease
- COPD
- Asthma
- acute asthma exacerbation
- bronchiectasis
- COPD patients have proportional pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonary rehabilitation
- cystic fibrosis
- [[aspirin exacerbated res
Lung Nodules
Lung nodules
- related: Pulmonology, lung cancers
- features:
  - Rounded opacity
  - ≤3 cm in diameter (>3 cm is considered a "mass" and malignant until proven not)
  - Surrounded by pulmonary parenchyma
  - No associated lymph node enlargement, not associated with atelectasis, hilar enlargement, pleural effusion
Solid Nodule > 8 mm
- low/moderate probability: PET scan
  - PET neg: continued

Lung Cancers

Pulmonology

MKSAP

Normal

Obstructive Lung Disease

Lung nodules

Solid Nodule > 8 mm